{"id":404,"date":"2025-01-13T13:46:44","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T05:46:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sqtcw.cn\/?p=404"},"modified":"2025-01-13T13:46:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T05:46:44","slug":"class%e7%b1%bb%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7%e5%92%8c%e5%ae%9e%e5%88%97%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/?p=404","title":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2dClass\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5b9e\u5217\u65b9\u6cd5\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a\n \nclass Dog:\n    species = \"Canis lupus familiaris\"  # \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u72d7\u7684\u7269\u79cd\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\n\n    def __init__(self, name, age):\n        self.name = name  # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72d7\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\n        self.age = age  # \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u72d7\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\n\n    def bark(self):\n        print(f\"{self.name} says Woof!\")\n\ndog1 = Dog(\"Buddy\", 3)\ndog2 = Dog(\"Max\", 5)\n\nprint(dog1.name)\nprint(dog1.age)\nprint(dog1.species)\ndog1.bark()\n\nprint(dog2.name)\nprint(dog2.age)\nprint(dog2.species)\ndog2.bark()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\uff1a
 
\u4e00\u3001\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7ed3\u6784
 
1.  class \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1a
 
– \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c class \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
– \u7c7b\u7684\u547d\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u9a7c\u5cf0\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 ClassName \u3002
2. \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a
 
– \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5728\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c species = “Canis lupus familiaris” \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u72d7\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u3002
– \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u6216\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Dog.species \u6216 dog1.species \u3002
3. \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 __init__ \uff1a
 
– \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 __init__ \u3002
– \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u662f self \uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u6b63\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002
– \u5728\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 self \u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u72ec\u7acb\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 self.name \u548c self.age \u3002
4. \u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
 
– \u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u662f self \uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002
– \u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c bark \u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u72d7\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u53eb\u58f0\u3002
 
\u4e8c\u3001\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u548c\u4f7f\u7528
 
1. \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\uff1a
 
– \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u540d\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c dog1 = Dog(“Buddy”, 3) \u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a Buddy \uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\u4e3a 3 \u7684\u72d7\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002
2. \u8bbf\u95ee\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a
 
– \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c dog1.name \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86 dog1 \u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684 name \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c dog1.species \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86 Dog \u7c7b\u7684 species \u5c5e\u6027\u3002
3. \u8c03\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
 
– \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c dog1.bark() \u8c03\u7528\u4e86 dog1 \u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684 bark \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
 
\u4e09\u3001\u7c7b\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u7528\u9014
 
1. \u5c01\u88c5\uff1a
 
– \u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5c01\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002
– \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 Dog \u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u72d7\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002
2. \u7ee7\u627f\uff1a
 
– Python \u652f\u6301\u7c7b\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u73b0\u6709\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002
– \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Poodle \u7c7b\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f Dog \u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u8d35\u5bbe\u72ac\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
3. \u591a\u6001\uff1a
 
– Python \u652f\u6301\u591a\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u591a\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002
– \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Animal \u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a make_sound \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8ba9 Dog \u7c7b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5177\u4f53\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8c03\u7528 make_sound \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u53d1\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002
 
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u7c7b\u662f Python \u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u590d\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\uff1a \u4e00\u3001\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7ed3\u6784 1.  class \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1a – \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c class \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002– \u7c7b\u7684\u547d\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u9a7c\u5cf0\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 ClassName \u30022. \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a – \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5728\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c species = “Canis lupus familiaris” \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u72d7\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u79cd\u3002– \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u6216\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Dog.species \u6216 dog1.species \u30023. \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 __init__ \uff1a – \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684 __init__ \u3002– \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u662f self \uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u6b63\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002– \u5728\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 self \u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u72ec\u7acb\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 self.name \u548c self.age \u30024. \u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a – \u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u662f self \uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u672c\u8eab\u3002– \u5728\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c bark \u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u72d7\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u53eb\u58f0\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u548c\u4f7f\u7528 1. \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\uff1a – \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u540d\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c dog1 = Dog(“Buddy”,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python","category-14"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/404","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=404"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/404\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=404"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=404"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cnitw.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=404"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}